E. Mendez, G. Bastard, et al.
Physica B+C
The energy-loss spectra of ∼ 100-eV electrons were measured for (100) and (1̄1̄1̄) GaAs and (111) Ge surfaces. The portion of the energy-loss spectra attributed to excitations of d electrons is proportional to the density of states in the conduction bands and empty surface states. The GaAs surfaces stabilized into Ga-rich and As-rich conditions permit unambiguous identification of intrinsic surface states. Empty and filled surface states, attributed to dangling Ga and As bonds, are observed near the conduction-band and valence-band edges, respectively. © 1974 The American Physical Society.
E. Mendez, G. Bastard, et al.
Physica B+C
R. Tsu, L. Esaki, et al.
Physical Review Letters
L. Esaki, L.L. Chang
Thin Solid Films
R. Ludeke, D. Straub, et al.
JVSTA